{"id":4,"date":"2025-01-08T02:20:02","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T07:20:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/home\/"},"modified":"2025-01-19T10:39:56","modified_gmt":"2025-01-19T15:39:56","slug":"home","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/","title":{"rendered":"Home"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4\" class=\"elementor elementor-4\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cb5f4f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2cb5f4f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe6a729 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fe6a729\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de48581 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"de48581\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Economic Impact of Performance-Based Fire Design of Composite Steel Frame Structures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60571a2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60571a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f8b608 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7f8b608\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/about\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Methods<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a777f48 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a777f48\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43d6379 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"43d6379\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ccd2ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1ccd2ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"154\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/quote-1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-132\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-437ea03 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"437ea03\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2eefd3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-testimonial\" data-id=\"c2eefd3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"testimonial.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-testimonial-content\">The overarching goal of this research effort is to advance the adoption of performance-based design methods for structures exposed to fire through a better understanding of the costs and benefits of different fire design strategies in the building construction industry.<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be7a5f2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"be7a5f2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6baaad e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b6baaad\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10331e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"10331e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prescriptive design vs. <span style=\"color: var(--ast-global-color-2);font-size: 2.125rem;background-color: var(--ast-global-color-4)\">Performance-based design (PBD) <\/span><span style=\"color: var(--ast-global-color-2);font-size: 2.125rem;font-style: inherit;background-color: var(--ast-global-color-4)\"><\/span><br><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d5707b elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"7d5707b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f238a8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2f238a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a897d26 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a897d26\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00407df elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"00407df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1393\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pres-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1487\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pres-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pres-300x163.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pres-1024x557.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pres-768x418.jpg 768w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pres-1536x836.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pres-2048x1114.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-035ad15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"035ad15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h5 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Prescriptive composite floor design<\/h5><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">Prescriptive Design relies on standardized solutions, offering limited flexibility and focusing on each structural member individually. <br><br>For composite floor systems, all the beams are protected to meet the standard requirement.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71f2d04 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"71f2d04\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ca3138 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9ca3138\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1366\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pbd-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1490\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pbd-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pbd-300x160.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pbd-1024x546.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pbd-768x410.jpg 768w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pbd-1536x819.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/pbd-2048x1093.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb58d64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"cb58d64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h5 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">Performance-based composite floor design<\/h5><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">PBD provides a goal-oriented approach to develop safe, innovative, and resilient structural fire designs. Structural engineers have higher flexibility to achieve optimal solutions through application of science-based, advanced methods. <br><br>For composite floor systems, secondary beams can be left unprotected with fire performance achieved through activation of tensile membrane action in the floor, designing for a robust system-level response.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24c68a1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"24c68a1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c761d1d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c761d1d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c004b04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c004b04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Explore The Cost-Benefit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93ea5d2 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"93ea5d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccfcc53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ccfcc53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>While the technical advantages of PBD for designing structures under fire have been highlighted in research and real-world projects, the economic implications of adopting such designs remain understudied. A lifetime economic impact analysis is essential to comprehensively evaluate the benefits and trade-offs of PBD compared to traditional prescriptive methods.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ac07a6 elementor-align-left elementor-mobile-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6ac07a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/projects\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Case study<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddd16d1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ddd16d1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e593346 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e593346\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d02fe59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d02fe59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Our Mission<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a497b52 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a497b52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f30d8f elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"0f30d8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Develop an assessment methodology and create an assessment tool to measure the lifetime costs of structural designs and fire protection features in buildings.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Establish a set of prototype steel-concrete composite buildings designed according to prescriptive and performance-based fire design approaches for use as case studies.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Evaluate the economic impact of different structural fire designs on the building prototypes in terms of construction cost (i.e., initial investment), construction time, and lifetime cost.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Identify design methods and provisions minimizing the construction cost and maximizing the lifetime utility.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Create interactive online visualization tools to communicate the outcomes to building industry stakeholders and inform about the value and use of research on performance-based structural fire design.<br><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3565d7f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3565d7f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc902d9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bc902d9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-569d77b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"569d77b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Resources<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db189e6 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"db189e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce554e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ce554e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To support our cost-benefit analysis, we validated our models against recent full-scale experimental tests conducted at the NIST.<\/p>\n<p>We implemented our method in a step-wise web tool to facilitate the calculation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>We compiled a construction cost database to support the evaluation of the construction costs.<\/p>\n<p>We also developed a set of fire fragility functions with different design parameters to enable the estimation of fire-induced damage losses.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a63cbf6 elementor-align-center elementor-mobile-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a63cbf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/resources\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b966e9a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b966e9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-739e5cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"739e5cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"792\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/nist_test-1024x792.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1505\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/nist_test-1024x792.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/nist_test-300x232.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/nist_test-768x594.jpg 768w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/nist_test-1536x1188.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/nist_test-2048x1584.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ca2455 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3ca2455\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1324\" height=\"1400\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cost_database.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1511\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cost_database.jpg 1324w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cost_database-284x300.jpg 284w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cost_database-968x1024.jpg 968w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cost_database-768x812.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1324px) 100vw, 1324px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ac5c7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1ac5c7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76399ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"76399ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"740\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/website-1024x740.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1508\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/website-1024x740.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/website-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/website-768x555.jpg 768w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/website-1536x1110.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/website-2048x1480.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89cd348 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"89cd348\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1772\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/fragility-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1514\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/fragility-scaled.jpg 1772w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/fragility-208x300.jpg 208w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/fragility-709x1024.jpg 709w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/fragility-768x1109.jpg 768w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/fragility-1063x1536.jpg 1063w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/fragility-1418x2048.jpg 1418w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1772px) 100vw, 1772px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-556ef17 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"556ef17\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40552d9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"40552d9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fa8427 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2fa8427\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Team<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9a8110 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"e9a8110\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e50bf9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0e50bf9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8be3b23 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8be3b23\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2280bad elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2280bad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PI.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1457\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PI.png 300w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/PI-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d751a3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d751a3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-image-box-title elementor-inline-editing pen\" style=\"font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 12px; text-align: center;\" data-elementor-setting-key=\"title_text\" data-elementor-inline-editing-toolbar=\"none\" data-pen-placeholder=\"Type Here...\">Thomas Gernay<\/h5><div><h5 class=\"elementor-image-box-title elementor-inline-editing pen\" style=\"font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 12px; text-align: center;\" data-elementor-setting-key=\"title_text\" data-elementor-inline-editing-toolbar=\"none\" data-pen-placeholder=\"Type Here...\">Principal Investigator<\/h5><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><span style=\"color: #111111; font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; background-color: #f9f9f9;\">Thomas Gernay is an Assistant Professor at Johns Hopkins University, where he founded and leads the Multi-Hazard Resilient Structures group. He is an active contributor to professional committees in structural fire engineering including as the Co-Chair of the ASCE SEI Fire Protection committee, the Convener of the fib task group on Performance-Based Fire Design, the Vice-Chair of the Thin-Walled Structures task group for the Structural Stability Research Council, and a voting member of the ACI 216 Fire Resistance committee. His research has been recognized by numerous awards including the NSF CAREER award, the AISC Early Career Award, the NFPA Foundation Medal, and both the Magnusson Award and the Best Thesis Award from the IAFSS. Thomas is a co-developer of the finite element software <a href=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/safir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SAFIR<\/a> for modeling structures in fire.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7a8e41 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b7a8e41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/case\/faculty\/thomas-gernay\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn more<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-526e6bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"526e6bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab0fdeb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ab0fdeb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1022\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/chenzhi-1022x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1466\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/chenzhi-1022x1024.jpg 1022w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/chenzhi-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/chenzhi-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/chenzhi-768x770.jpg 768w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/chenzhi-1532x1536.jpg 1532w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/chenzhi-2043x2048.jpg 2043w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1022px) 100vw, 1022px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7a5c7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f7a5c7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-image-box-title elementor-inline-editing pen\" style=\"font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 12px; text-align: center;\" data-elementor-setting-key=\"title_text\" data-elementor-inline-editing-toolbar=\"none\" data-pen-placeholder=\"Type Here...\">Chenzhi Ma<\/h5><div><h5 class=\"elementor-image-box-title elementor-inline-editing pen\" style=\"font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 12px; text-align: center;\" data-elementor-setting-key=\"title_text\" data-elementor-inline-editing-toolbar=\"none\" data-pen-placeholder=\"Type Here...\">PhD Candidate<\/h5><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><span style=\"color: #111111; font-family: Inter, sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; background-color: #f9f9f9;\">Chenzhi is a PhD student at Johns Hopkins University, where he works on building fire risk assessment and developed a framework and web tool for quantifying the economic impact of performance-based fire design of composite steel frame structures.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"text-align: center; white-space-collapse: preserve; color: #111111; font-family: Inter, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.4px; white-space-collapse: collapse;\">Before joining Johns Hopkins University, he completed his bachelor&#8217;s degree at Central South University and his master\u2019s degree in civil engineering at Tongji University in China, focusing on seismic risk reduction. He has received honors including the Excellent Master Thesis at Tongji University and Outstanding Undergraduate of Central South University, and he was also the recipient of the Richard D. Hickman Fellowship.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39dc24a elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"39dc24a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=DbHkoCIAAAAJ&#038;hl=en&#038;oi=ao\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0016a4e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0016a4e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d5f972 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2d5f972\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0dcd3de elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0dcd3de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"860\" height=\"266\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/JHU-Logo-Flat.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2099\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/JHU-Logo-Flat.jpg 860w, 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src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/nist.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1469\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/nist.jpg 860w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/nist-300x181.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/nist-768x464.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 860px) 100vw, 860px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3289203 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3289203\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d45e35 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"6d45e35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><h5 class=\"elementor-image-box-title\">National Institute of Standards and Technology<\/h5><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1f2606 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"d1f2606\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-long-arrow-alt-right\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M313.941 216H12c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12v56c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h301.941v46.059c0 21.382 25.851 32.09 40.971 16.971l86.059-86.059c9.373-9.373 9.373-24.569 0-33.941l-86.059-86.059c-15.119-15.119-40.971-4.411-40.971 16.971V216z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Learn More<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Economic Impact of Performance-Based Fire Design of Composite Steel Frame Structures Methods The overarching goal of this research effort is to advance the adoption of performance-based design methods for structures exposed to fire through a better understanding of the costs and benefits of different fire design strategies in the building construction industry. Prescriptive design vs. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"unboxed","site-sidebar-style":"unboxed","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"enabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Chenzhi Ma","author_link":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/author\/cma31\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Economic Impact of Performance-Based Fire Design of Composite Steel Frame Structures Methods The overarching goal of this research effort is to advance the adoption of performance-based design methods for structures exposed to fire through a better understanding of the costs and benefits of different fire design strategies in the building construction industry. Prescriptive design vs.&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4"}],"version-history":[{"count":72,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2396,"href":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4\/revisions\/2396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/pbd-fire-compfloor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}