{"id":11211,"date":"2018-05-15T12:06:45","date_gmt":"2018-05-15T16:06:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/magazine-archive\/?p=11211"},"modified":"2019-12-20T11:21:27","modified_gmt":"2019-12-20T16:21:27","slug":"wind-powers-smooth-operators","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/magazine-archive\/2018\/05\/wind-powers-smooth-operators\/","title":{"rendered":"Wind Power&#8217;s Smooth Operators"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_11213\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"width: 1034px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/magazine-archive\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Wind-power.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11213\" src=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/magazine-archive\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Wind-power-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"PhD candidates Genevieve Starke and Carl Shapiro\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/magazine-archive\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Wind-power-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/magazine-archive\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Wind-power-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/magazine-archive\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Wind-power-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/magazine-archive\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/Wind-power.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PhD candidates Genevieve Starke and Carl Shapiro (Image: Will Kirk \/ Homewood Photography)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Wind power has become one of the cheapest sources of electricity in the United States. So as use of wind energy grows, it will be important to make sure the grid can handle fluctuations in electric power.<\/p>\n<p>Fleets of small fossil-fuel power plants typically smooth those fluctuations. But could wind farms themselves provide that service? <strong>Carl Shapiro<\/strong> and <strong>Genevieve Starke<\/strong>, PhD candidates in the <a href=\"https:\/\/me.jhu.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Department of Mechanical Engineering<\/a>, are trying to figure out the answer with research funded by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nsf.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Science Foundation<\/a>. The findings of the duo\u2014who are being co-advised by professors <a href=\"https:\/\/me.jhu.edu\/faculty\/dennice-gayme\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dennice Gayme<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/me.jhu.edu\/faculty\/charles-meneveau\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Charles Meneveau<\/a>\u2014could help put more clean, renewable energy on the grid.<\/p>\n<p>For flawless grid operation, electric current must be sent at a constant frequency, voltage needs to be maintained, and power supply must match demand. Natural gas power plants provide bursts of power to the grid for that stability, and batteries are now being tested for that purpose.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe\u2019ve found a way to use a wind farm as a sort of battery,\u201d Shapiro says. By controlling each turbine on a farm\u2014changing how fast it spins, say, or which direction it faces\u2014you can control the total power that the wind farm produces, he explains. The trick is to do it in an intelligent way in real time. Shapiro has designed smart controller software to do that.<\/p>\n<p>The controller takes into account the interactions among turbines. \u201cThere\u2019s a wake behind each turbine with lower wind speed, and we can try to direct those wakes away from downwind turbines by changing orientation,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>Starke is devising more efficient ways to control wind farm output. Controlling the output of every one of the hundreds of turbines on a large wind farm is complex. She is trying to figure out whether that added complexity offers a performance advantage over a row-by-row controller that sums up power from each row.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Fleets of small fossil-fuel power plants typically smooth fluctuations in electric power. But could wind farms themselves provide that service?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":11213,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[150,156,1274,2591,2983,2988,2993,2998,3003,3008],"class_list":["post-11211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-students","tag-national-science-foundation","tag-department-of-mechanical-engineering","tag-dennice-gayme","tag-charles-meneveau","tag-wind-power","tag-wind-energy","tag-carl-shapiro","tag-genevieve-starke","tag-wind-farm","tag-wind-turbine","issue-summer-2018"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Wind Power&#039;s Smooth Operators - JHU Engineering Magazine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/engineering.jhu.edu\/magazine-archive\/2018\/05\/wind-powers-smooth-operators\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Wind Power&#039;s Smooth Operators - JHU Engineering Magazine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Fleets of small fossil-fuel power plants typically smooth fluctuations in electric power. 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